Mars

It is also known as the "Red Planet", for its orange-red appearance. Mars is a desert-like rocky planet with a tenuous air around a planet that is mostly a gas we breathe out (CO2). At the average surface level the atmospheric pressure is a few thousandths of Earth's.

Atmospheric how hot or cold ranges from −153 to 20 °C (−243 to 68 °F), and cosmic radiation is high. Mars retains some water, in the ground as well as thinly in the air around a planet. Forming cirrus clouds, fog, frost, larger polar regions of permafrost and ice caps (with seasonal CO2 snow), but no bodies of liquid surface water.

Its surface gravity is roughly a third of Earth's or double that of the Moon. Its mean width across, 6,779 km (4,212 mi). Is about half the Earth's, or twice the Moon's, and its surface size is the size of all the dry land of Earth.

Fine dust is prevalent across the surface and the air around a planet. Being picked up and spread at the low Martian gravity even by the weak wind of the tenuous air around a planet. The terrain of Mars roughly follows a north–south divide.

The Martian dichotomy, with the northern hemisphere mainly consisting of relatively flat, low lying plains, and the southern hemisphere.